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Pre-stopped consonant
In linguistics, pre-stopping, also known as pre-occlusion or pre-plosion, is a phonological process involving the historical or allophonic insertion of a very short stop consonant before a sonorant, such as a short before a nasal or a lateral . The resulting sounds () are called pre-stopped consonants, or sometimes pre-ploded or (in Celtic linguistics) pre-occluded consonants, although technically may be considered an occlusive/stop without the pre-occlusion.
A pre-stopped consonant behaves phonologically as a single consonant. That is, like affricates and trilled affricates, the reasons for considering these sequences to be single consonants lies primarily in their behavior. Phonetically they are similar or equivalent to stops with a nasal or lateral release.
==Terminology==
There are three terms for this phenomenon. The most common by far is ''prestopped/prestopping''. In descriptions of the languages of Southeast Asia, Australia, and the Pacific, ''preploded/preplosion'' is common,〔Adelaar & Himmelmann (2005) ''The Austronesian languages of Asia and Madagascar〕 though ''prestopped'' is also used.〔Botma (2004) ''Phonological Aspects of Nasality''〕 In accounts of Celtic languages, ''preoccluded/preocclusion'' is used almost exclusively.〔Ball & Fife (2002) ''The Celtic Languages''〕〔"Pre-occluded" is also used in Laver (1994) ''Principles of Phonetics''〕 Technically, nasals are already occlusives, and are often considered stops; however, some prefer to restrict the term 'stop' for consonants in which there is complete cessation of airflow, so 'prenasalized stop' and 'prestopped nasal' are not tautologies.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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